Abstract The present disclosure generally relates to a two-stage system for detecting malicious nodes in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), enhancing network security and resilience. The system employs a distributed approach, leveraging Cluster Heads (CHs) and a central server for efficient and accurate detection. Initially, sensor nodes are monitored for comprehensive node and network metrics, statistically ranked by significance in identifying malicious behavior. CHs perform a resource-aware first-stage detection based on their resource weight, filtering potential threats locally. Results are then aggregated at a server for a second-stage analysis using a hybrid Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) approach. This advanced analysis, combined with statistically relevant metrics, significantly improves detection accuracy. By integrating resource-conscious CH operation with powerful server-side ML/DL, this system offers a scalable, energy-efficient, and highly effective solution for securing WSNs against malicious node attacks, surpassing traditional detection methods in both speed and precision.
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